Molecular neurodevelopment: An in vivo31P-1H MRSI study
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Gerald Goldstein1, Kanagasabai Panchalingam2, Richard J. McClure2, Jeffrey A. Stanley6,
Vince D. Calhoun7,8, Godfrey D. Pearlson9, and Jay W. Pettegrew2,3,4,5
1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA
2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, PA
3 Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, PA
4 Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
5 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
6 Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
7 The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM
8 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
9 Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, Hartford, CT
Abstract
Synaptic development and elimination are normal neurodevelopmental processes which if altered
could contribute to various neuropsychiatric disorders. 31P-1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic
imaging and structural MRI exams were conducted on 106 healthy children ages 6–18 years in order
to identify neuromolecular indices of synaptic development and elimination. Over the age range
studied, age-related changes in high-energy phosphate (phosphocreatine), membrane phospholipid
metabolism (precursors and breakdown products), and gray matter were found. These
neuromolecular and structural indices of synaptic development and elimination are associated with
development of several cognitive domains and changes in gray matter volume. Monitoring of these
molecular markers is essential for devising treatment strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Keywords
MRS; Neuroimaging; Metabolism; Cognition; Multiple Regression